Data series · Chapter 10

Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting

Continued heating up to boiling. B4 switches in the first step after 2.8 bar is exceeded (t = 1470 s); after 120 s of venting the pressure is back at 0.0 bar.

Scenario
3 Pressure build-up
Expectation (criterion)
B4 when 2.8 bar is exceeded
Measurement
B4 in the first step thereafter (t = 1470.45 s); 0.0 bar after 120 s of venting
Result
passed
Rows
25,809
Time range
300.05–1,590.45 s
Time step
Δt = 0.05 s
Columns
9
Download CSV To the chapter: Chapter 10 — Five test scenarios

Time series

Each quantity has its own axis and unit in its own panel; all share the time axis. The sensor bits appear as step lines. Clicking the legend shows or hides a quantity.

Time series of the measurement

Building the chart …

Quantities (click to show or hide)

    Controls: ← → move cursor (with ⇧ ten times) · Pos1 Ende to the edge · + − zoom · Bild↑ Bild↓ pan · 0 full series · Esc remove cursor. Drag a region with the mouse to zoom in. Values at the cursor belong to the nearest plotted data point; when zoomed far out the chart shows the minimum and maximum per pixel bucket so that single peaks stay visible. Exact values: zoom in or use the tables.

    Column description

    Name and unit come from the header row of the CSV file; the meaning follows the heated-tank model (chapter 8) and the recording (chapter 10).

    Columns of the series — Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting
    No.Column (CSV header) UnitTypeMeaning
    1 Zeit (s) s Time axis Time stamp of the row (model time); one row per calculation step of Δt = 0.05 s.
    2 Füllstand (l) l Process variable Water level in the tank (tank volume 0.5 m³ = 500 l).
    3 Temperatur (°C) °C Process variable Water temperature, calculated from energy and water mass.
    4 Druck (bar) bar Process variable Pressure in the head space (steam and air, partial pressures added).
    5 Heizleistung (W) W Process variable Currently effective heating power (PT1 lag, τ = 12 s, up to 150 kW).
    6 B1 Füllstand max — Sensor bit (0/1) Upper level sensor: 1 from 450 l, otherwise 0.
    7 B2 Füllstand min — Sensor bit (0/1) Lower level sensor: 1 at 50 l or less, otherwise 0.
    8 B3 Temperatur ≥95 °C — Sensor bit (0/1) Temperature sensor: 1 from 95 °C, otherwise 0.
    9 B4 Druck ≥2,8 bar — Sensor bit (0/1) Pressure sensor: 1 from 2.8 bar, otherwise 0.

    Statistics of the series

    All figures are computed from the rows of the CSV file (over the whole series, without smoothing) and describe this single run only. They make no statement about a real tank.

    25,809Rows (calculation steps)
    1,290.45stime covered
    0.05sTime step Δt
    8recorded quantities
    Statistics per process variable — Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting
    QuantityUnit CountMinimum MaximumMean First valueLast value
    Füllstand l 25,809 404.91t = 1,590.45 s 450.05t = 300.05 s 444.898 450.05 404.91
    Temperatur °C 25,809 39.572t = 300.05 s 122.732t = 1,470.40 s 87.1250 39.572 100.511
    Druck bar 25,809 0.0000t = 300.05 s 2.8048t = 1,470.45 s 0.3462 0.0000 0.0000
    Heizleistung W 25,809 150,000.0constant 150,000.0 150,000.00 150,000.0 150,000.0

    Below each extreme value is the time of the first row with that value. The mean is the simple mean over all rows (equal time steps).

    Sensor bits: switching times — Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting
    Sensor bit Rows with 1 Share first 1 at then 0 again at Changes
    B1 Füllstand max 15,020 58.197 % 300.05 sfirst row 1,051.05 s 1
    B2 Füllstand min 0 0.000 % — — 0
    B3 Temperatur ≥95 °C 12,184 47.208 % 981.30 s — 1
    B4 Druck ≥2,8 bar 1 0.004 % 1,470.45 s 1,470.50 s 2

    1 means the sensor is active (threshold reached), 0 not active (chapter 8). “Changes” counts the rows in which the value differs from the previous row.

    Values

    All rows of the CSV file, unchanged, 100 rows per page. Search and sorting run on the server; you can jump to a row or a time. “No.” is a running row number and not part of the CSV.

    22,901–23,000 of 25,809 rows Download CSV
    Values — Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting
    No. Zeit (s) Füllstand (l) Temperatur (°C) Druck (bar) Heizleistung (W) B1 Füllstand max B2 Füllstand min B3 Temperatur ≥95 °C B4 Druck ≥2,8 bar
    22,901 1445.05438.11121.6411.5105150000.00010
    22,902 1445.1438.11121.6451.454150000.00010
    22,903 1445.15438.11121.6491.3986150000.00010
    22,904 1445.2438.11121.6531.3442150000.00010
    22,905 1445.25438.11121.6571.2909150000.00010
    22,906 1445.3438.11121.6621.2387150000.00010
    22,907 1445.35438.11121.6661.1876150000.00010
    22,908 1445.4438.11121.671.1376150000.00010
    22,909 1445.45438.11121.6741.0886150000.00010
    22,910 1445.5438.11121.6781.0408150000.00010
    22,911 1445.55438.05121.6262.6835150000.00010
    22,912 1445.6438.05121.6312.6079150000.00010
    22,913 1445.65438.05121.6352.5335150000.00010
    22,914 1445.7438.05121.6392.4601150000.00010
    22,915 1445.75438.05121.6432.3878150000.00010
    22,916 1445.8438.05121.6472.3166150000.00010
    22,917 1445.85438.05121.6522.2465150000.00010
    22,918 1445.9438.05121.6562.1775150000.00010
    22,919 1445.95438.05121.662.1095150000.00010
    22,920 1446.0438.05121.6642.0426150000.00010
    22,921 1446.05438.05121.6681.9768150000.00010
    22,922 1446.1438.05121.6721.9121150000.00010
    22,923 1446.15438.05121.6771.8485150000.00010
    22,924 1446.2438.05121.6811.7859150000.00010
    22,925 1446.25438.05121.6851.7244150000.00010
    22,926 1446.3438.05121.6891.6641150000.00010
    22,927 1446.35438.05121.6931.6047150000.00010
    22,928 1446.4438.05121.6971.5465150000.00010
    22,929 1446.45438.05121.7021.4894150000.00010
    22,930 1446.5438.05121.7061.4333150000.00010
    22,931 1446.55438.05121.711.3783150000.00010
    22,932 1446.6438.05121.7141.3244150000.00010
    22,933 1446.65438.05121.7181.2716150000.00010
    22,934 1446.7438.05121.7231.2198150000.00010
    22,935 1446.75438.05121.7271.1691150000.00010
    22,936 1446.8438.05121.7311.1195150000.00010
    22,937 1446.85438.05121.7351.071150000.00010
    22,938 1446.9437.99121.6832.7158150000.00010
    22,939 1446.95437.99121.6872.6399150000.00010
    22,940 1447.0437.99121.6912.5651150000.00010
    22,941 1447.05437.99121.6962.4913150000.00010
    22,942 1447.1437.99121.72.4186150000.00010
    22,943 1447.15437.99121.7042.347150000.00010
    22,944 1447.2437.99121.7082.2765150000.00010
    22,945 1447.25437.99121.7122.207150000.00010
    22,946 1447.3437.99121.7172.1386150000.00010
    22,947 1447.35437.99121.7212.0713150000.00010
    22,948 1447.4437.99121.7252.0051150000.00010
    22,949 1447.45437.99121.7291.94150000.00010
    22,950 1447.5437.99121.7331.8759150000.00010
    22,951 1447.55437.99121.7371.813150000.00010
    22,952 1447.6437.99121.7421.7511150000.00010
    22,953 1447.65437.99121.7461.6903150000.00010
    22,954 1447.7437.99121.751.6305150000.00010
    22,955 1447.75437.99121.7541.5719150000.00010
    22,956 1447.8437.99121.7581.5143150000.00010
    22,957 1447.85437.99121.7631.4578150000.00010
    22,958 1447.9437.99121.7671.4024150000.00010
    22,959 1447.95437.99121.7711.348150000.00010
    22,960 1448.0437.99121.7751.2948150000.00010
    22,961 1448.05437.99121.7791.2426150000.00010
    22,962 1448.1437.99121.7831.1915150000.00010
    22,963 1448.15437.99121.7881.1414150000.00010
    22,964 1448.2437.99121.7921.0925150000.00010
    22,965 1448.25437.93121.742.7396150000.00010
    22,966 1448.3437.93121.7442.6634150000.00010
    22,967 1448.35437.93121.7482.5883150000.00010
    22,968 1448.4437.93121.7522.5142150000.00010
    22,969 1448.45437.93121.7562.4413150000.00010
    22,970 1448.5437.93121.7612.3694150000.00010
    22,971 1448.55437.93121.7652.2986150000.00010
    22,972 1448.6437.93121.7692.2288150000.00010
    22,973 1448.65437.93121.7732.1602150000.00010
    22,974 1448.7437.93121.7772.0926150000.00010
    22,975 1448.75437.93121.7822.0261150000.00010
    22,976 1448.8437.93121.7861.9607150000.00010
    22,977 1448.85437.93121.791.8963150000.00010
    22,978 1448.9437.93121.7941.8331150000.00010
    22,979 1448.95437.93121.7981.7709150000.00010
    22,980 1449.0437.93121.8021.7098150000.00010
    22,981 1449.05437.93121.8071.6497150000.00010
    22,982 1449.1437.93121.8111.5908150000.00010
    22,983 1449.15437.93121.8151.5329150000.00010
    22,984 1449.2437.93121.8191.4761150000.00010
    22,985 1449.25437.93121.8231.4204150000.00010
    22,986 1449.3437.93121.8271.3657150000.00010
    22,987 1449.35437.93121.8321.3121150000.00010
    22,988 1449.4437.93121.8361.2596150000.00010
    22,989 1449.45437.93121.841.2082150000.00010
    22,990 1449.5437.93121.8441.1579150000.00010
    22,991 1449.55437.93121.8481.1086150000.00010
    22,992 1449.6437.93121.8531.0604150000.00010
    22,993 1449.65437.87121.82.7114150000.00010
    22,994 1449.7437.87121.8042.6357150000.00010
    22,995 1449.75437.87121.8092.561150000.00010
    22,996 1449.8437.87121.8132.4874150000.00010
    22,997 1449.85437.87121.8172.4149150000.00010
    22,998 1449.9437.87121.8212.3434150000.00010
    22,999 1449.95437.87121.8252.2731150000.00010
    23,000 1450.0437.87121.832.2038150000.00010

    Source and citation

    Data source: Own measurement series, recorded on the model function compute_step (step size Δt = 0.05 s) according to the test log of the bachelor thesis (2026); set-up and evaluation see Chapter 10 — Five test scenarios.

    How to cite

    Kotsch, A. H. (2026): Dataset „Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting“ (25,809 rows, time 300.05–1,590.45 s). Supplement to the bachelor thesis „Digital twins for PLC-coupled laboratory systems“, Duale Hochschule Sachsen — Studienakademie Glauchau. https://thesis.kotsch.tech/daten/szenario-3-druckaufbau (accessed 2026-09-30).

    Limits of this data
    • Classification (chapter 10): B4 is set in exactly the step in which the threshold is exceeded.
    • Limit: The calculated pressure follows a sawtooth pattern; the threshold is exceeded by a single pressure peak, and the moment depends on the fluctuation band. In twelve rows (from t = 1051.05 s) the level, rounded to 0.01 l, is 450.0 l while B1 is already 0; this is compatible with the rounding of the recording.
    • The expected values come from hand calculation and the analytical solution with the parameters of the model; agreement shows the correct implementation, not the accuracy compared with a real tank. Each scenario covers a single run with fixed boundary conditions. (Chapter 10)
    • Without measurement data from a real tank, validation is limited to internal consistency. (Chapter 11)

    More datasets

    16 rows · 2 columns Key figures of the platform View → 3,000 rows · 9 columns Scenario 1 — Filling View → 6,000 rows · 9 columns Scenario 2 — Heating with PT1 behaviour View → 2,200 rows · 9 columns Scenario 4 — Draining View → 1,200 rows · 9 columns Scenario 5 — Edge case: empty tank View → 5 rows · 4 columns Five test scenarios — expectation versus measurement View →