Data series · Chapter 10

Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting

Continued heating up to boiling. B4 switches in the first step after 2.8 bar is exceeded (t = 1470 s); after 120 s of venting the pressure is back at 0.0 bar.

Scenario
3 Pressure build-up
Expectation (criterion)
B4 when 2.8 bar is exceeded
Measurement
B4 in the first step thereafter (t = 1470.45 s); 0.0 bar after 120 s of venting
Result
passed
Rows
25,809
Time range
300.05–1,590.45 s
Time step
Δt = 0.05 s
Columns
9
Download CSV To the chapter: Chapter 10 — Five test scenarios

Time series

Each quantity has its own axis and unit in its own panel; all share the time axis. The sensor bits appear as step lines. Clicking the legend shows or hides a quantity.

Time series of the measurement

Building the chart …

Quantities (click to show or hide)

    Controls: ← → move cursor (with ⇧ ten times) · Pos1 Ende to the edge · + − zoom · Bild↑ Bild↓ pan · 0 full series · Esc remove cursor. Drag a region with the mouse to zoom in. Values at the cursor belong to the nearest plotted data point; when zoomed far out the chart shows the minimum and maximum per pixel bucket so that single peaks stay visible. Exact values: zoom in or use the tables.

    Column description

    Name and unit come from the header row of the CSV file; the meaning follows the heated-tank model (chapter 8) and the recording (chapter 10).

    Columns of the series — Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting
    No.Column (CSV header) UnitTypeMeaning
    1 Zeit (s) s Time axis Time stamp of the row (model time); one row per calculation step of Δt = 0.05 s.
    2 Füllstand (l) l Process variable Water level in the tank (tank volume 0.5 m³ = 500 l).
    3 Temperatur (°C) °C Process variable Water temperature, calculated from energy and water mass.
    4 Druck (bar) bar Process variable Pressure in the head space (steam and air, partial pressures added).
    5 Heizleistung (W) W Process variable Currently effective heating power (PT1 lag, τ = 12 s, up to 150 kW).
    6 B1 Füllstand max — Sensor bit (0/1) Upper level sensor: 1 from 450 l, otherwise 0.
    7 B2 Füllstand min — Sensor bit (0/1) Lower level sensor: 1 at 50 l or less, otherwise 0.
    8 B3 Temperatur ≥95 °C — Sensor bit (0/1) Temperature sensor: 1 from 95 °C, otherwise 0.
    9 B4 Druck ≥2,8 bar — Sensor bit (0/1) Pressure sensor: 1 from 2.8 bar, otherwise 0.

    Statistics of the series

    All figures are computed from the rows of the CSV file (over the whole series, without smoothing) and describe this single run only. They make no statement about a real tank.

    25,809Rows (calculation steps)
    1,290.45stime covered
    0.05sTime step Δt
    8recorded quantities
    Statistics per process variable — Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting
    QuantityUnit CountMinimum MaximumMean First valueLast value
    Füllstand l 25,809 404.91t = 1,590.45 s 450.05t = 300.05 s 444.898 450.05 404.91
    Temperatur °C 25,809 39.572t = 300.05 s 122.732t = 1,470.40 s 87.1250 39.572 100.511
    Druck bar 25,809 0.0000t = 300.05 s 2.8048t = 1,470.45 s 0.3462 0.0000 0.0000
    Heizleistung W 25,809 150,000.0constant 150,000.0 150,000.00 150,000.0 150,000.0

    Below each extreme value is the time of the first row with that value. The mean is the simple mean over all rows (equal time steps).

    Sensor bits: switching times — Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting
    Sensor bit Rows with 1 Share first 1 at then 0 again at Changes
    B1 Füllstand max 15,020 58.197 % 300.05 sfirst row 1,051.05 s 1
    B2 Füllstand min 0 0.000 % — — 0
    B3 Temperatur ≥95 °C 12,184 47.208 % 981.30 s — 1
    B4 Druck ≥2,8 bar 1 0.004 % 1,470.45 s 1,470.50 s 2

    1 means the sensor is active (threshold reached), 0 not active (chapter 8). “Changes” counts the rows in which the value differs from the previous row.

    Values

    All rows of the CSV file, unchanged, 100 rows per page. Search and sorting run on the server; you can jump to a row or a time. “No.” is a running row number and not part of the CSV.

    23,201–23,300 of 25,809 rows Download CSV
    Values — Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting
    No. Zeit (s) Füllstand (l) Temperatur (°C) Druck (bar) Heizleistung (W) B1 Füllstand max B2 Füllstand min B3 Temperatur ≥95 °C B4 Druck ≥2,8 bar
    23,201 1460.05437.46122.2711.724150000.00010
    23,202 1460.1437.46122.2761.6641150000.00010
    23,203 1460.15437.46122.281.6053150000.00010
    23,204 1460.2437.46122.2841.5475150000.00010
    23,205 1460.25437.46122.2881.4908150000.00010
    23,206 1460.3437.46122.2921.4351150000.00010
    23,207 1460.35437.46122.2961.3805150000.00010
    23,208 1460.4437.46122.3011.327150000.00010
    23,209 1460.45437.46122.3051.2746150000.00010
    23,210 1460.5437.46122.3091.2231150000.00010
    23,211 1460.55437.46122.3131.1728150000.00010
    23,212 1460.6437.46122.3171.1235150000.00010
    23,213 1460.65437.4122.2642.7962150000.00010
    23,214 1460.7437.4122.2682.7198150000.00010
    23,215 1460.75437.4122.2722.6444150000.00010
    23,216 1460.8437.4122.2772.5701150000.00010
    23,217 1460.85437.4122.2812.4968150000.00010
    23,218 1460.9437.4122.2852.4246150000.00010
    23,219 1460.95437.4122.2892.3535150000.00010
    23,220 1461.0437.4122.2932.2835150000.00010
    23,221 1461.05437.4122.2972.2145150000.00010
    23,222 1461.1437.4122.3022.1465150000.00010
    23,223 1461.15437.4122.3062.0796150000.00010
    23,224 1461.2437.4122.312.0138150000.00010
    23,225 1461.25437.4122.3141.9491150000.00010
    23,226 1461.3437.4122.3181.8854150000.00010
    23,227 1461.35437.4122.3231.8227150000.00010
    23,228 1461.4437.4122.3271.7612150000.00010
    23,229 1461.45437.4122.3311.7007150000.00010
    23,230 1461.5437.4122.3351.6412150000.00010
    23,231 1461.55437.4122.3391.5829150000.00010
    23,232 1461.6437.4122.3441.5255150000.00010
    23,233 1461.65437.4122.3481.4693150000.00010
    23,234 1461.7437.4122.3521.4141150000.00010
    23,235 1461.75437.4122.3561.3599150000.00010
    23,236 1461.8437.4122.361.3069150000.00010
    23,237 1461.85437.4122.3641.2548150000.00010
    23,238 1461.9437.4122.3691.2039150000.00010
    23,239 1461.95437.4122.3731.154150000.00010
    23,240 1462.0437.4122.3771.1051150000.00010
    23,241 1462.05437.34122.3232.7812150000.00010
    23,242 1462.1437.34122.3282.7051150000.00010
    23,243 1462.15437.34122.3322.63150000.00010
    23,244 1462.2437.34122.3362.5559150000.00010
    23,245 1462.25437.34122.342.4829150000.00010
    23,246 1462.3437.34122.3442.411150000.00010
    23,247 1462.35437.34122.3492.3401150000.00010
    23,248 1462.4437.34122.3532.2703150000.00010
    23,249 1462.45437.34122.3572.2016150000.00010
    23,250 1462.5437.34122.3612.1339150000.00010
    23,251 1462.55437.34122.3652.0673150000.00010
    23,252 1462.6437.34122.372.0017150000.00010
    23,253 1462.65437.34122.3741.9372150000.00010
    23,254 1462.7437.34122.3781.8738150000.00010
    23,255 1462.75437.34122.3821.8114150000.00010
    23,256 1462.8437.34122.3861.7501150000.00010
    23,257 1462.85437.34122.391.6898150000.00010
    23,258 1462.9437.34122.3951.6306150000.00010
    23,259 1462.95437.34122.3991.5724150000.00010
    23,260 1463.0437.34122.4031.5154150000.00010
    23,261 1463.05437.34122.4071.4593150000.00010
    23,262 1463.1437.34122.4111.4044150000.00010
    23,263 1463.15437.34122.4161.3505150000.00010
    23,264 1463.2437.34122.421.2976150000.00010
    23,265 1463.25437.34122.4241.2458150000.00010
    23,266 1463.3437.34122.4281.1951150000.00010
    23,267 1463.35437.34122.4321.1454150000.00010
    23,268 1463.4437.34122.4361.0968150000.00010
    23,269 1463.45437.28122.3832.776150000.00010
    23,270 1463.5437.28122.3872.7150000.00010
    23,271 1463.55437.28122.3912.625150000.00010
    23,272 1463.6437.28122.3952.5511150000.00010
    23,273 1463.65437.28122.42.4783150000.00010
    23,274 1463.7437.28122.4042.4064150000.00010
    23,275 1463.75437.28122.4082.3357150000.00010
    23,276 1463.8437.28122.4122.266150000.00010
    23,277 1463.85437.28122.4162.1974150000.00010
    23,278 1463.9437.28122.4212.1298150000.00010
    23,279 1463.95437.28122.4252.0633150000.00010
    23,280 1464.0437.28122.4291.9979150000.00010
    23,281 1464.05437.28122.4331.9335150000.00010
    23,282 1464.1437.28122.4371.8702150000.00010
    23,283 1464.15437.28122.4411.8079150000.00010
    23,284 1464.2437.28122.4461.7467150000.00010
    23,285 1464.25437.28122.451.6865150000.00010
    23,286 1464.3437.28122.4541.6274150000.00010
    23,287 1464.35437.28122.4581.5694150000.00010
    23,288 1464.4437.28122.4621.5124150000.00010
    23,289 1464.45437.28122.4671.4565150000.00010
    23,290 1464.5437.28122.4711.4016150000.00010
    23,291 1464.55437.28122.4751.3478150000.00010
    23,292 1464.6437.28122.4791.2951150000.00010
    23,293 1464.65437.28122.4831.2434150000.00010
    23,294 1464.7437.28122.4871.1927150000.00010
    23,295 1464.75437.28122.4921.1431150000.00010
    23,296 1464.8437.28122.4961.0946150000.00010
    23,297 1464.85437.21122.4422.7768150000.00010
    23,298 1464.9437.21122.4462.7009150000.00010
    23,299 1464.95437.21122.452.6259150000.00010
    23,300 1465.0437.21122.4552.552150000.00010

    Source and citation

    Data source: Own measurement series, recorded on the model function compute_step (step size Δt = 0.05 s) according to the test log of the bachelor thesis (2026); set-up and evaluation see Chapter 10 — Five test scenarios.

    How to cite

    Kotsch, A. H. (2026): Dataset „Scenario 3 — Pressure build-up and venting“ (25,809 rows, time 300.05–1,590.45 s). Supplement to the bachelor thesis „Digital twins for PLC-coupled laboratory systems“, Duale Hochschule Sachsen — Studienakademie Glauchau. https://thesis.kotsch.tech/daten/szenario-3-druckaufbau (accessed 2026-09-30).

    Limits of this data
    • Classification (chapter 10): B4 is set in exactly the step in which the threshold is exceeded.
    • Limit: The calculated pressure follows a sawtooth pattern; the threshold is exceeded by a single pressure peak, and the moment depends on the fluctuation band. In twelve rows (from t = 1051.05 s) the level, rounded to 0.01 l, is 450.0 l while B1 is already 0; this is compatible with the rounding of the recording.
    • The expected values come from hand calculation and the analytical solution with the parameters of the model; agreement shows the correct implementation, not the accuracy compared with a real tank. Each scenario covers a single run with fixed boundary conditions. (Chapter 10)
    • Without measurement data from a real tank, validation is limited to internal consistency. (Chapter 11)

    More datasets

    16 rows · 2 columns Key figures of the platform View → 3,000 rows · 9 columns Scenario 1 — Filling View → 6,000 rows · 9 columns Scenario 2 — Heating with PT1 behaviour View → 2,200 rows · 9 columns Scenario 4 — Draining View → 1,200 rows · 9 columns Scenario 5 — Edge case: empty tank View → 5 rows · 4 columns Five test scenarios — expectation versus measurement View →